Kesternich then and now.

Also a little town in Huertgen.

Die Amerikaner weiter auf dem Vormarsch...

31 aug 2007

 

anyone have an idea whom the Hetzers belonged to ? what unit ??

 

great pics, i love the "then and now" photos!

 

I do: II. Grenadiere Regt. 980 of the 272VGD.
The Americans belong to the 311. Infantry Regt. 78ste US Infantry

 

Same building:

 

hmmmmmmmm so the 272nd vg had an Sturmgun batterie or ? have never heard of a Heer Infantrie regt, having it's own armor

 

Uhh thats not correct, the building right is no. 80 of the main street.

 

Nick, the photo seemed famous to be, so I looked where i've seen it before, founded it:

Two Days in the Huertgen Forest with the German 216

Gerd Horner said it (German Soldier which survived).

 

Strange, he's absolute wrong...you kan see that the house on your photo is totally diffrent.

 

Goodmorning Erich and Sturmkreuz. I did some more infor regarding the picture you placed Sturmkreuz and about the units fought in Kesternich.
All I come up with so soon is this.

Kesternich is a small village, which in 1944-45 consisted of about 112 houses constructed in a method of timber frame and stucco construction called Fachwerk-Häuser. Poised on a ridge, the landform inside the village along the main east-west road is relatively flat. The land falls off sharply to the north into a gorge known as the Weidenbachtal, and to the south into a gorge named the Tiefenbachtal. To the east, at the end of the village, the terrain steps down quickly into the Roer (Rur) river gorge. Surrounding the village along the ridge was a series of small field plots divided by the traditional hedgerow of the region. The houses are not tightly packed, but are surrounded by small yards containing many out buildings and sheds. The yards are often separated by another form of traditional tall dense hedge that is used as a windbreak. Defenders inside the village commanded excellent fields of fire.



The First Battle for Kesternich

The First Battle for Kesternich took place from December 14th, 1944 to December 16th, 1944. This battle pitted the 2nd Battalion of the 309th Infantry Regiment and the 2nd Battalion of the 310th Infantry Regiment of the 78th Infantry Division against units from the 272 and 326 Volksgrenadier divisions. This attack was part of a greater attack by the First Army’s V Corps in an effort to capture the Roer (Rur) River Dams that included the 78th Infantry Division as well as the 2nd Infantry Division to the south. The attack by the 78th Division interrupted Hitler’s plans for the north (right) shoulder of the Bulge (Battle of the Ardennes). While it may be questionable that the Germans had enough strength to push the attack east of Simmerath and Kesternich, all plans were off as the American attack hit the German lines on the 13th of December. As a result, the northern pivot-point of the attack was pushed south of Monschau.
The 78th Division’s Recon Company and its 311th RCT (Infantry Regiment Combat Team) had been attached to the 8th Infantry Division just to the north. For their offensive operations, they had their 309th Infantry and 310th RCT as well as the 709th Tank Battalion and 893rd Tank Destroyer Battalion. Since the key objective of Kesternich was considered a tougher assignment, the 2nd Battalion of the 310th was attached to the 309th, giving it four battalions. This left the 310th with two battalions for their blocking assignment at Rollesbroich. A storm the night before operations left 12 inches of snow on the ground. Temperatures were below freezing. A typical Hohes Venn fog permeated over the landscape making visibility difficult until mid-day.
The attack by the 309th Infantry Regiment was a surprise to the Germans defending the vaulted Siegfried Line and the American’s quickly took Bickerath, Paustenbach, Witzerath, and Simmerath. In taking Simmerath, the Americans finally cut the Monschau-Düren highway and severed the Monschau Corridor. They reached the first few houses at Kesternich as darkness fell on the 13th. However, the 2nd Battalion of the 309th was unable to retain their small purchase and withdrew. The 310th was held at bay, unable to penetrate past the entrance to Rollesbroich. The advance had gone well on the first day and optimism for operations on the next day ran high.
The 309th resumed the attack on the morning of the 14th with disastrous results when the Germans pounded all attempted advance with machine gun, indirect fire from mortar, and direct fire from armored assault vehicles (Hetzer and SdKfz 7). The murderous fire on the 309th was relieved somewhat when the 2nd Battalion of the 310th Infantry moved on Kesternich after noon the same day. The tenacity of the German defense obstructed this attack and it stalled as darkness fell. Results at Rollesbroich were much better for the Americans as the 310th was able to fully enter the village, capture the pillboxes guarding the village, and began to consolidate their positions. Soon after fighting resumed on the 15th, the 2nd Battalion of the 310th Infantry entered Kesternich in force at about noon to capture the village. Fighting past a bunker position, into, and straight through the village sapped the strength of the companies. They did not hold it long. Problems with communication, artillery fire control, and lack of cooperation with the attached tank and TD command plagued the defense by the under strength unit.
The German plans for the Bulge (Battle of the Bulge) were threatened by the loss of Kesternich. A determined counterattack began mid-afternoon and continued until the early morning hours. At first, the Americans held firm, driving off the frontal attack. In a classic envelopment maneuver, part of the Volksgrenadiers infiltrated between the battalion inside the village while the remainder of the division moved to the rear. Those GIs sealed in Kesternich soon faced German Armored Assault Vehicles with no means to combat them. Nearly all GIs inside the village were driven out or captured as POWs in house to house fighting.
After the attack, over one-hundred and fifty German Soldat lay dead in and around Kesternich. While the American casualties were not nearly as great, they lost 300 GIs as prisoners – virtually the entire battalion. In the end, the fight for the village was described by one GI with the simple statement, “Kesternich was very bloody.” With the knowledge that they didn’t have the strength to hold the ground they gained, the German force retreated to the east side of the village by early light the next day.
On the 16th, a counterattack by Americans sent to re-take the village and reach any survivors was met head on with a German counterattack. The Americans had the advantage on the Germans in this engagement, but neither was able to re-take the village and both armies fell back to their respective outskirts of the village. Small back and forth probing actions by both sides were seen in the following days.

The Second Battle for Kesternich

The Second Battle for Kesternich took place from January 30, 1945 to February 1, 1945. In the battle, the American 311th Infantry Regiment against the 272 Volksgrenadier Divisions. This time the offensive was conducted under Simpson’s Ninth Army. Over the succeeding weeks the 272 Volksgrenadiers had infiltrated and created strong points throughout the village. While this battle was no less a struggle than the earlier battle, the entrenched Germans inside the village could not stave off the unrelenting American attack and the village of Kesternich fell to American hands.
The 78th Division’s plan of operations was quite ambitious. All three RCT’s were to be engaged with support from the 5th Armored Division’s CCA. To the south, the 310th was assigned the objectives of Am Gericht, Konzen, and Imgenbroich. To the north, the 309th was to hold in place as the initial operations kicked off, later they would be called on to sweep up the Monschau Corridor taking Strauch, Steckenborn, Hechelscheid, Woffelsbach, Silberscheidt, Kommerscheidt, and Harscheidt on their way to their final objective of Schmidt and the Schwammenauel Dam. The 311th RCT was given the center assignment, assisting the 5th Armored CCA with their objective at Eicherscheid as well as taking their own objectives of Huppenbroich and Kesternich. The 2nd Battalion of the 311th was given the key assignment at Kesternich.
The high ridge at Kesternich dictated that the town could not be enveloped in an attack from the west. As with the earlier attack, operations had to go straight down the center of the village. The Germans were prepared to block that route. As the GIs jumped off in the darkness, a slight snow shower helped to conceal their movement. Still, the Americans did not achieve surprise and as they met the initial German defenses mid-way into the village, they were assailed by automatic weapons fire and panzerfaust fire directed into the trees to create tree bursts.
Tank support proved problematic. Once again, timid tank support seemed the order of the day. This time, it was the first time the attached 796th Tank Battalion had seen action. The Infantry went into combat without knowledge that their armor support had not been blooded. One platoon leader later remarked that timid tank support was worse that none at all. Squad leaders in highly exposed positions on the back of tanks became a common sight as they attempted to guide the armor forward into firing positions.
With ample time to develop their defense, the Volksgrenadiers had emplaced machine gun positions in houses and in the rubble behind mine fields and wire. Each of these strongpoints became an exercise in and of themselves in order to advance. It took actions like those of squad leader Jonah Edward Kelley, who singlehandedly destroyed several machinegun emplacements, to push the attack. Again, the village became Bloody Kesternich. At the end of the first day, the battalion had only advanced a couple of hundred yards into the rubble.
The quagmire continued the second day. Bitter house-to-house and rubble pile to rubble pile was the order of the day. Eye to eye contact was more common that not[1]. The advance made about as much gain as during the first day. However, this left the German defenders with a mere toehold on the village’s eastern side.
On the third day, the 2nd battalion of the 311th wrestled the village from the grasp of the defenders by mid-day. The Americans now held the key position along the Kesternich ridge. In the first week of December, they had captured the Brandenburg-Bergstein ridge. They now held the two ridgelines on either side of the Schmidt ridge. This opened the way for the 309th RCT in conjunction with portions of the 310th RCT to push down that ridgeline to capture the Schwammenauel Dam.
At this point, on February 2 1945, the 78th Division was returned to the command of the First Army and V Corps. Progress wasn’t as speedy as desired by the commanders, and through a series of directives from General Huebner, Commander of V Corps, the 78th Division reorganized their attack. In the end, these adjustments proved to add difficulty to the operation. In actuality, the meddling probably delayed the capture of the Schwammenauel by an additional day.
While Kesternich is one of the lesser known battles of the Hürtgen Campaign and seldom considered in discussions surrounding the North Shoulder of the Bulge, it without a doubt, contributed greatly to the American successes in both efforts.

And Sturmkreuz: this is your photo.

 

Thanks! Wonderful information.

i'll try to give you more pictures!

 

Good Day,

Number 54 Haupt Straße was called Haüs Rosarius during the war. It was the post office for Kesternich.

The Hetzer belonged to the 272 Panzerjäger Abteilung commanded by Maj. Adrario. Yes, Volksgrenadier Divisions had armor. Normally, Volksgrenadier Division armor unit had a "1" appended to the front of the Division Number, such as 1272. However, for some reason the 272 Volksgrenadier Division didn't follow the convention. The 272 Volksgrenadier Division's Pzj.Abt. was made up of Hetzer and Selbstfahrlafette(Sdkfz 7.).

Sounds like you found the Wikipedia article as well as the report by Gerd Horner. Suggest you consider the Die 216./272. Infanterie-Division by Martin Jenner (the 272 History), A Dark and Bloody Ground by Ed Miller (a history of the HürtgenForest), or a recent addition that has just been published titled Victory was Beyond their Grasp by Doug Nash (a history of the 272). There is also an article written by Ed Miller on the History Cannel web site titled Desperate Hours at Kesternich. It can be found at http://www.historynet.com/wars_conflicts/world_war_2/3033136.html.

I'd love to see any more modern photos of Kesternich that you guys have.

Tom


Tom

 

Wow this is really interesting. I'm surprised they actually restored the fachwerk house. It looked pretty dammaged on the first picture. The house on the left is apparently post-war and built on the ruins of the other. a fine now and then!

Bronze plaque at Kesternich, near Simmerath, Germany, honoring U. S. 78th Infantry Division and the German 272nd Volksgenadier Division. Between Dec. 16-22, 1945, Kesternich was captured twice and lost twice from and by the 272nd Division.

Google Image Result for http://www.wtblock.com/wtblockjr/images/BronzePlaqueKesternich.jpg

 

My dad , Capt. Bill Curran, led Company F light tanks into Kesternich at second battle. He actually was a recon pilot who flew Piper Cubs for artillery targeting, mostly with 229th artillery, of 28th infantry. Somehow he ended up attached to 7th AD at Kesternich. I know weather was too bad for light recon planes.
The reference to Company F's timid tank support at Kesternich may have been due to the fact that my dad had never been in a tank before, much less led a group of tanks into an enemy-occupied town. Maybe it was because his weight by then was down to 100 pounds, hadn't a single day of leave since arriving in England 6 months before DDay, was 30 years old, or was heart-sick at the carnage. I do know that upon finding his correspondence with fellow veterans after his death, the letters were replete with admiration for the 5'7" college grad., who slept in his cub and pretty much kept to himself. Did I mention he went behind enemy lines repeatedly on intelligence missions prior to DDay? Or that he was cited for directing the arty fire that destroyed the Essen Krupp works? That he was the guy who reported unusual enemy movement spotted from his Cub prior to the Bulge? I learned all of the foregoing by independent research. He is mentioned by name in the History Net article "Desparate Hours at Kesternich".
I can tell you that my dad never spoke of the war. His only references: he would not let us watch "Hogan's Heroes" if he was in the house, nor would he allow Spam in the house. When we asked about the war, his single reply was "It wasn't much fun" and then he would leave the room in tears. A timid guy.

 

Curran, very impressive story you have... and very interesting.

Thank you.

 

Wow, nice pics and a nice story fron Curran!

 

Indeed a very impressive reply from curran, thanks for sharing!

 

Just found out that the Hetzers belonged to the PzJgAbt. 272.

 

very nice photos!! thanks as well to Curran, interesting story! I wish he would have told you more, but I understand why he didn't.
Thanks again.