As far as the combat effectiveness of the Goliath goes, its susceptibility to small arms, artillery, or any kind of real battlefield combat, especially with its control cable, was one of its chief weaknesses. A prime example of this would be Anzio. According to Anzio Beachhead from the US Army's Center of Military History, thirteen Goliaths were deployed on the opening day of the major German counteroffensive on the beachhead, all of which failed, with three being destroyed by enemy artillery and the remaining ten being removed from the battlefield by their German controllers after getting bogged down.
None of those seems to be related to the control cable, unless we are missing details like the vehicles stopping after the cables broke, the high amount of bogging is possibly be related to the size, there are plenty of natural obstacles in the Italian countryside that would impassable to a goliath, Italian fields are usually separated by dirt road no more than 3 or 4 meters wide but they usually have impressive ditches and edges.
To clarify, the Goliath was controlled directly by the control cable, so severing it should stop the Goliath and ideally prevent it from detonating, though I imagine it would still be quite dangerous to approach. The myriad of natural obstacles surely didn't help matters.