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Faults of German defence strategy Western Europe during 1944

Discussion in 'Western Europe 1943 - 1945' started by merdiolu, May 4, 2013.

  1. Sheldrake

    Sheldrake Member

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    In many ways you are both right. The early days were critical. However, the German mal-deployment favouring 15th Army over 7th Army made a big difference.

    Allied combined operations planning saw the assault as a race between the Allies landing troops by sea and air and the Germans by land. The allied build up was constrained by shipping capacity and the weather. The allies could not really build their forces up any faster than was historically achieved. The planning documents from 1943 looked at the scenarios with German forces between 20 and 50 divisions in France and the low countries. The "worst case", with 50 divisions estimated that by D+12 the Germans would be expected to commit 20 divisions to the invasion front, and would outnumber the allies.

    This is the estimate which led to both the deception plan and the programme of sabotage and air attacks to isolate the Normandy battlefield.

    Historically, the Germans had 58 divisions in O B West and under the 1943 calculations might have been expected to deploy 24-28 against an allied landing by D+12. In fact on 18th June 1944 the 20 allied divisions landed only faced 16 German divisions, rather than the 24+ they might have done. The extra ten divisions might have made a big difference to the rate at which the allies expanded their bridgehead or cut the Cotentin peninsular in two.

    Of course the German assumption that the allies would attack North of the Seine also meant that far less effort was put into the fortification on the Normandy coast, with the actual invasion beaches from Sword to Omaha receiving the second lowest priority. You can still see unfinished beach defences at Omaha and Gold Beach. .
     

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  2. LJAd

    LJAd Well-Known Member

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    That's looking from the wrong side :what is important is not where the Allies were assumed to land,but,where a landing had the most chance to succeed.

    In the Pas de Calais,the Allies had less chance,because of the combination of the Atlantikwall and the static divisions.

    in Normandy,there was no Atlantikwal,only static divisions,thus,the danger was bigger in Normandy,thus the only chance to prevent a successfull landing in Normandy,was to send the mobile divisions to norlandy:3 of the 4 were located in Normandy(PzL,21,and HJ) only 1 was at the Pas de Calais (2 Pz).

    The beach defenses at Omaha and Gold were unfinished,because of shortages .
     
  3. Sheldrake

    Sheldrake Member

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    Err - that's the wrong way round. The only reason the Germans had shortages of materials on these beaches was because they chose to assign lower priority to their defence.
     
  4. Marcall Cloete

    Marcall Cloete New Member

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    In my opinion the Germans or actually Hitler was to eager from the very beginning of the war, if Hitler decided never to attack Russia he would have had a lot more troops to use for defence, as well as a lot more resources and hardware (Vehicles, tanks, planes etc.). Even if Russia was an ally to Germany Hitler would have had great success in Europe and even might have conquered England. He could've attacked Russia later on, I would say he attacked without any real strategic plan or action, operation Barbarossa was doomed from the start. Even if he left the Italians in Africa and retreated back to Europe to return later it would've been to his advantage. But then again the British could've striked directly at Italy from there.

    Due to poor planning, poor intelligence as well concerning D-day, and due to Hitler's obsessive plans and the conflict in Eastern-Europe. All of this had a backfiring effect on Normandy.
     

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